22-11-2024
Have you ever wondered what makes the Icelandic horse stand out among horse breeds worldwide? With its sturdy build, colorful coat variations, and unique, rare gait abilities like the famous tölt, this small yet mighty horse has captured hearts for centuries.
But there's more to the Icelandic horse than meets the eye, so why do locals consider it more than just a breed? In this guide, we'll uncover the Icelandic horse's distinctive traits, explore its rich history, and show you where you can experience this remarkable creature up close. Get ready to meet Iceland's equine treasure like never before!
To really understand the spirit of the Icelandic horse, we need to go back in time, riding alongside the Vikings. Now, you might be wondering if Vikings did have horses? Absolutely, and these weren't just any horses; they were like the warriors of the animal kingdom, sturdy and fearless.
When the Norse settlers arrived in Iceland in the 9th and 10th centuries, they brought with them these Viking horses, essential for thriving in Iceland's unforgiving wilderness. Think of them as nature's four-legged Swiss Army knives, invaluable for transportation and farming. Over time, strict isolation kept this breed pure, making it one of the oldest and most unique in the world.
After a devastating volcanic eruption in the 1780s, Icelandic horses faced near-extinction, yet they rebounded stronger than ever. By the early 20th century, breed societies emerged, turning this horse into a symbol of Iceland's resilience, enduring strength, and unbreakable connection to the land.
The horses in Iceland aren't just animals; they're woven into the fabric of mythology and folklore, symbols of strength and mystery. Among the most famous is Sleipnir, Odin's legendary eight-legged horse, known for incredible speed and agility, capable of moving between realms and bridging the living with the dead.
This supernatural connection deepens the reverence Icelanders feel for their horses. Then there are Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi, two mythical horses said to pull the sun and moon across the sky.
Their luminous manes light up the day and night, embodying Iceland's natural cycles. Yet, the myths hold a darker side, too. The Nykur, a water spirit in horse form, warns of the perils of open water, reminding people of nature's unpredictable power.
Hestakjöt (Icelandic horse meat) has a rich and complex cultural history. Dating back to the Viking Age, horse meat was essential for survival, providing sustenance in Iceland's harsh climate. In ancient times, consuming horse meat was also associated with pagan rituals honoring Norse gods.
However, around 1000 AD, Iceland converted to Christianity and banned horse meat due to its pagan ties. Despite this, Icelanders continued to consume it in secret during times of famine. In the 20th century, attitudes began to shift, and horse meat became more widely accepted. Today, while less popular than lamb or beef, it appears in select Icelandic restaurants as steaks, sausages, and other forms.
Some Icelanders remain hesitant to eat horses due to their connection with these animals, while others embrace it as a lean, slightly sweet delicacy with nutritional benefits, offering adventurous eaters a unique taste of Icelandic cuisine.
The Icelandic horse is one of the purest horse breeds on earth, known for its strength, resilience, and distinctive gaits that set it apart in the equestrian world. With its pure lineage, untouched by outside breeds due to strict regulations, the Icelandic horse has remained genetically unique.
Around 80,000 of these horses roam the island, making them a common yet special sight, with nearly one horse for every four Icelanders. Their versatility shines in disciplines like endurance riding and horse shows, where they showcase their stamina and agility.
The Icelandic horse temperament is famously friendly and curious, creating a pleasant experience for anyone lucky enough to interact with one. When meeting them, it's best to approach calmly, offering a closed hand for sniffing to build trust.
One of the most intriguing Icelandic horse facts is their impressive lifespan, typically ranging from 20 to 40 years, with a few even reaching up to 59 years. This longevity can be attributed to their hardy nature and Iceland's careful breeding practices.
Adapted to the island's tough weather, Icelandic horses grow thick winter coats, which they shed each spring, helping them thrive year-round. Unlike many other breeds, they mature slowly and aren't ridden until around age four, allowing them a strong foundation for health and endurance. Their gentle temperament and sturdy build make them ideal for riders of all experience levels.
Though often mislabeled as the 'Icelandic pony' due to its smaller size, these mini Icelandic horses are indeed horses and not ponies. Icelandic horse size generally ranges between 125 cm (4.10 ft) and 145 cm (4.75 ft) at the withers, with mares averaging around 136 cm and stallions about 138 cm.
This compact stature belies their true nature as strong, spirited horses capable of carrying adult riders with ease. Their height varies, with some individuals as small as 113 cm and others reaching up to 157 cm, offering diversity to suit various riding needs. Their deep chest and strong limbs add agility and balance, making them exceptionally sure-footed.
The International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEIS) officially classifies Icelandic horses as horses and not ponies. Although ponies are generally defined as horses under 14 hands (142cm or 4.6ft), Icelandic horses have characteristics that distinguish them as horses. Here's what sets them apart:
Icelandic horses come in a breathtaking array of colors, with over 40 recognized shades and more than 100 patterns. From the classic chestnut to the striking blue roan Icelandic horse, their coats are full of variety and charm.
Chestnut is the most common, ranging from light sorrel to dark liver, with flaxen chestnuts featuring lighter manes and tails and red chestnuts known for their bright sheen. Black horses have solid black coats, often with a blue sheen in young foals, while bay horses have a reddish-brown body with a black mane and tail.
Among rare Icelandic horse colors, the rarest is the color-changing roan, with only about 500 in all of Iceland. Patterns like pinto and dun (in shades like blue and red dun) add further diversity. Though white Icelandic horses are not rare, they're still very beautiful, adding to the breed's visual spectrum alongside cream and silver dapples.
The Icelandic horse is unlike any other, embodying a mix of strength, spirit, and distinctive traits that set it apart from other breeds. From its unusual gaits to its compact yet powerful build, there's much that makes this horse truly special. Let's explore what gives the Icelandic horse its unique character and why it continues to captivate people around the world.
Most Icelandic horses are five-gaited, which sets them apart from most other horse breeds. However, some horses may only have four gaits if they lack the flying pace. Here's a look at each of the Icelandic horse gaits:
While Iceland is famous for its unique breed of horses, there are no truly wild Icelandic horses on the island. However, around 100 semi-wild Icelandic horses roam near the lighthouse at Sandgerði on the Keflavik Peninsula. These horses live independently without specific ownership, allowing them a level of freedom rarely seen in domestic animals.
Most horses in Iceland, however, are domesticated and owned by farmers or riding schools. In spring, after the lambing season, many owners release their horses into the highlands to graze freely. This practice gives the impression of wildness, though these horses remain under human care and supervision.
The semi-wild horses represent Iceland's Viking heritage, symbolizing a link to the past. Often seen grazing alongside sheep in the countryside, they are culturally significant, embodying the resilience and spirit of Iceland. The Icelandic government supports their protection, helping this semi-wild population continue to grow sustainably.
For those seeking a truly immersive experience in Iceland, few activities compare to exploring the landscape on horseback. Horse riding in Iceland offers a unique perspective of the island's natural wonders, combining tradition with a thrilling sense of adventure.
There are excellent horseback riding tours near Reykjavik that offer a taste of Iceland's scenic landscapes and the chance to bond with these incredible horses. Here are some top options to consider.
Combining riding horse tours with the famous Golden Circle is an ideal way to experience Iceland's natural wonders. On this tour, you'll start your day at the Eldhestar riding center near Hveragerði, where you'll meet the sturdy and friendly Icelandic horses.
Ride along well-maintained paths, taking in beautiful local scenery from the unique vantage of horseback. After the ride, enjoy a light lunch at Vellir farm, soaking in the rustic Icelandic charm. The adventure continues as you journey to the Golden Circle's highlights. First, visit the Geysir geothermal area, where you'll witness Strokkur's thrilling eruptions.
Next, explore the majestic Gullfoss waterfall, or 'Golden Falls,' as it thunders down in stunning cascades. Finally, visit Thingvellir National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its incredible geology and deep historical significance.
For an unforgettable family adventure, combine a caving tour with the chance to go horse riding in Iceland on this exciting excursion from Reykjavík. The tour begins by exploring the remarkable lava fields of the Blue Mountains, delving into the geological wonders beneath Iceland's surface.
On the Raufarhólshellir Lava Caving tour, discover vibrant colors, jagged rock formations, and remnants of ancient volcanic eruptions, all hidden below the landscape. After the caving adventure, continue to Íshestar Riding Center to meet the sturdy Icelandic horses.
Ride through breathtaking scenery, from rugged lava fields to views of the Bláfjöll Mountains, while experiencing Iceland's countryside in the most natural way.
The Red Lava Riding Tour offers a scenic, guided adventure on Icelandic horses through Iceland's rugged landscape. With small groups of up to 18 participants and 3-4 guides, this tour provides a personal experience suited to all skill levels.
Designed with both beginners and experienced riders in mind, the tour covers 5-7 km (3-4.3 mi) over 2.5 hours, including 1.5 to 2 hours of riding. Expect customized routes tailored to your riding experience.
Beginners will enjoy a smooth, scenic ride along the Redhills while more advanced riders tackle challenging paths near Rauðarvatn. Along the way, soak in breathtaking landscapes on natural trails, surrounded by Iceland's unique scenery.
Iceland offers incredible spots where you can experience the beauty and spirit of Icelandic horses in breathtaking surroundings. Here is where to see Icelandic horses:
There are several events throughout the year celebrating the Icelandic horse and its unique place in Iceland's culture. Here are the most notable events:
Landsmót Hestamanna, the National Icelandic Horse Competition, is the largest outdoor event dedicated to the horses of Iceland. Held every two years, this iconic festival was first established in 1950 at Þingvellir National Park.
It brings together the finest horses and riders from across Iceland, showcasing exceptional skill and dedication. One of the event's highlights is the Gæðingakeppni, where riders demonstrate all five gaits of Icelandic horses, including the celebrated tölt and the thrilling flying pace.
Beyond the competitions, Landsmót transforms into a lively festival with crafts, local food, music, and family-friendly activities. This event draws thousands of visitors, fostering community and admiration for Iceland's unique equine heritage.
The Annual Round Up, known as Réttir, is a cherished Icelandic tradition held each September. During this time, sheep and horses are driven down from the mountains, where they've roamed freely all summer.
A select group of riders embarks on the challenging task of gathering these herds, often taking several days. The event culminates in a final stretch where animals are guided into sorting pens, attracting hundreds or even thousands of spectators.
Families and friends gather from afar, making it a lively social event filled with celebration. Each region has its own round-up, and many attendees have a favorite spot they return to every year to contribute, reconnect, and even acquire new horses.
The Icelandic horse is far more than just a breed; it's a symbol of Iceland's history, resilience, and natural beauty. These remarkable horses embody the spirit of the land, shaped by rugged landscapes and a deep cultural heritage.
Experiencing Iceland from the saddle of an Icelandic horse offers a connection to the country's roots like no other. For travelers seeking true immersion, renting a car in Iceland is essential. It gives you the freedom to explore the island's vast landscapes at your own pace, discovering hidden spots and breathtaking trails where the Icelandic horse roams free.